In Ancient Greece, the female body was assessed according to parameters that were close to modern ones. Beauty was considered one of the highest manifestations of the generosity of the gods - beautiful people, both women and men, enjoyed no less respect and popularity than a statesman or a famous commander. There was a special stratum in society, which consisted of the most beautiful people - they were venerable and highly respected inspirers of creative people and poets. Songs and poems were dedicated to them, and sculptors created statues of them.
Beauty and ethics
It should be noted that in Ancient Greece it was forbidden to depict a completely naked female body - it was believed that this demeans a woman’s dignity and looks obscene. That is why many sculptures were covered with design elements carved from stone (parts of clothing and imitation fabric drapery, etc.) and were only partially exposed. Aphrodite of Praxiteles and Aphrodite de Milo remain very rare exceptions to the rule. The authors of these sculptures managed to avoid public condemnation: to prevent these works of art from gaining a bad reputation, the sculptors depicted women during the procedure of preparing for bathing.
Women in Greek mythology
The primacy and former greatness of the feminine principle can be judged by such images of Greek mythology as Leto, Athena, Hera and Aphrodite.
With the advent of the cult of the goddess of love, a leap occurred in the development of art: in Ancient Greece they began to pay attention to the depiction of the naked body in sculpture, frescoes and paintings. At the initial stage, the goddess Aphrodite differed from the other gods of the Greek pantheon in that she was depicted completely naked. She was a beautiful maiden with long hair like liquid gold, with thin and delicate facial features and emerald-colored eyes. In addition, she had eternal youth and was graceful and graceful, like a doe.
Aphrodite
Since the period of Ancient Greece, there is one story of the creation of a sculpture of the goddess of love and beauty - Aphrodite. Praxiteles, one of the most talented creators of graceful statues of the human body, created it in the image of his beloved. For this he was summoned to court and accused of blasphemy, since according to the laws of that time it was forbidden to depict gods from human images, and even more so to make associations with the goddess through a mortal woman. It was believed that the gods could be angry with people for such missteps and in anger destroy everyone who lives in the city.
In his defense, Praxiteles brought Phryne, his beloved, with him to court. Having taken off her clothes in front of everyone present, the sculptor asked why they think that her body is not divine and what shortcomings are there in it? Convinced of the beauty of Phryne’s body, the judges were unable to find arguments and were forced to grant the master freedom.
Non-surgical rhinoplasty: experts talk about the pros and cons of the procedure
Publication date: July 08, 2021.
The material was published in the beauty digest Spletnik.ru
Previously, those who wanted to change the shape of their nose went straight to the surgeon's office. There were no other options. However, for some time now, cosmetologists have learned to use injectable preparations (for example, gels based on hyaluronic acid) to correct the profile in less than 15 minutes. We learned from the experts all the intricacies of non-surgical rhinoplasty.
The American cosmetologist Alexander Rivkin is considered the inventor of the non-surgical rhinoplasty technique (he performed this procedure back in 2002), although hundreds of plastic surgeons and dermatologists now offer this service around the world. The before and after photos are so incredible that many people think they can change the shape of their nose during their lunch break. However, everything is not so simple.
How it works?
Most fillers provide a temporary effect (from three months to two years, depending on the type of drug chosen).
Many people do not understand why injections are necessary if the results are fleeting. For example, Volumema lasts for a year and a half. Once the drug dissolves, many move on to Bellafill (a collagen-based injection commonly used to treat acne scars). The effect after its introduction lasts for years, notes Alexander Rivkin.
Correction methods
Botulinum toxin injections
In people with developed nasal muscles, the tip of the nose usually drops down (the so-called “droopy” nose). Botulinum toxin relaxes facial muscles and blocks the appearance of wrinkles. Modern formulations of the drug are practically safe, but there are individual contraindications.
If there is drooping of the tip of the nose when smiling or talking, it would be better to inject botulinum toxin into the muscle that lifts the upper lip and the wing of the nose,
— comments the head of the anti-age department of the LazerJazz clinic, Aptos trainer, dermatologist-cosmetologist Marina Miusova.
Pros: there is no rehabilitation after the procedure, practically no contraindications. As a result, the correction is very delicate.
Cons: it is impossible to radically correct the shape of the nose.
Filler injections
If the bridge of the nose and the bridge of the nose are low, filler injections are a more effective and simple way to correct the shape.
Although injections are less traumatic (not like surgical correction!), after the injection of filler, its volume decreases due to biodegradation, so to maintain the effect it is necessary to repeat the procedure periodically, says the expert.
Pros: low-traumatic, fast, effective when the bridge of the nose and bridge of the nose are low.
Disadvantages: with their help you cannot make the tip sharper, raise it, get rid of the hump and narrow the wide nose. You also need to repeat the procedure about once a year to maintain the effect.
There is complex blood circulation in the nose area, so a doctor’s mistake during the injection is fraught with edema, ischemic lesions on the skin and thrombosis of the vessels supplying the frontal part of the face and the nose itself.
Thread correction
Recently, methods of nose correction using threads have become very popular. With their help, you can significantly correct the shape of your nose: raise the tip and make it sharper, even out asymmetry, smooth out a hump, you can even visually shorten your nose. But this method also has its limits of what is possible - it is impossible to narrow the wings of the nose and remove the hump completely.
Pros: the procedure is fast, effective and safe, the results last a long time.
Cons: there is rehabilitation, bruising and swelling may occur.
Lipolitics
These drugs eliminate subcutaneous fat and intercellular fluid - it is their excess that gives the nose a massive appearance.
Pros: Helps make your nose look smaller.
Cons: the effect of lipolytics can spread to the cartilage structure and degenerate the “framework” of the nose. Such consequences will have to be corrected surgically.
Hormonal drugs
They destroy subcutaneous fat, affecting the cartilage and septum, which makes it possible to narrow the volume of the back, reduce the volume of the cartilaginous part and tip.
Plus: permanent results.
Cons: unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to predict the exact result. Uncontrolled metamorphosis can result in softening of the cartilage and blockage of blood vessels, followed by ischemia, which manifests itself as whitish spots at the injection sites.
Rehabilitation
If there was a pain scale, Botox would be at the bottom (you can barely feel the injections), cheek injections would be towards the top. Lip injections are somewhere in the middle. What about non-surgical rhinoplasty? All experts say it is almost painless. But some patients still choose to use a local anesthetic to numb the area. However, even ordinary ice helps.
Risks
The advantages of non-surgical plastic surgery are obvious: a “new” nose without anesthesia and a scalpel, fast rehabilitation and relatively low cost. But even seemingly safe methods have disadvantages. All injections are risky. Swelling, bruising, and bleeding may occur. The nose is a particularly delicate area of the face.
Procedures in the nasal area are considered the most dangerous because the blood supply to the nose is quite poor. This is not a procedure that can be done “on sale.” Before deciding on non-surgical rhinoplasty, you need to make sure that the doctor is competent and ask to be warned about all potential risks, the expert notes.
Plastic surgeons most often oppose this type of correction. They are sure that real rhinoplasty cannot be performed without surgery - surgical changes in the structures of the nose, work with bone and cartilage tissues, and mucous membranes. But cosmetologists, in their opinion, cannot do such things: surgical skills and knowledge of an ENT doctor are required.
Personally, I do not carry out such a procedure separately, but in exceptional situations I can use it after surgery as an auxiliary tool. For example, we performed rhinoplasty, but the back sagged and became slightly concave. In this case, you can inject a small part of the drug and thus raise it. When the drug dissolves, its own connective tissue will already form in that place and the back will stand up as it should. That is, in this case, the filler plays the role of a temporary fixative, but nothing more, explains Otari Gogiberidze, leading plastic surgeon at the Time of Beauty clinic, explaining his position.
According to the expert, it is not worth correcting the shape of the nose with injectable drugs on a regular basis.
Constant tissue trauma can lead to scarring. But, alas, this often happens: the patient changes the shape of the nose with the help of fillers, and after a few months everything resolves and correction is inevitably required, says Otari Gogiberidze.
The most dangerous thing, according to the surgeon, is when it is not drugs based on hyaluronic acid that are injected, but non-absorbable biopolymers. This can cause tissue thinning, necrosis and deformation of the nose. And in the end, you will still have to go to a plastic surgeon to correct the situation. But working with this will, of course, be more difficult than with an “untouched” nose.
Plastic surgeon Dmitry Skvortsov, winner of the Crystal Lotus 2019 award in the category “Best plastic surgeon for rhinoplasty,” also agrees with the previous expert.
Injection techniques are appropriate for correcting small defects, but only a plastic surgeon can predict and provide a lasting natural result. There is the so-called “conserving rhinoplasty” and, in particular, low-traumatic ultrasound correction of the nose using a piezotome. The volume, course and appropriate method of correction should be determined in detail in consultation with a qualified and experienced specialist,” he says.
Price
The average cost of rhinoplasty in Russia is 250 thousand rubles. Non-surgical rhinoplasty using Voluma gel will cost 60 thousand rubles per year. It cannot be said that the procedure saves money, but it is performed without general anesthesia and does not have irreversible changes.
Full text of the article: https://www.spletnik.ru/beauty/beautyexpert/97219-bezoperatcionnaya-plastika-nosa-v-chem-opasnost.html
Beauty standards for men
The concept of attractiveness among men in Ancient Greece was also clearly defined. A fit, athletic body was held in high esteem because the Greeks were adherents of a healthy lifestyle. Their role models were the gods of Olympus - they were initially considered an ideal that needed to be achieved. It was customary for young people to wear long wavy hair, tied with a silk ribbon or hoop, and to shave their faces clean. As they grew older, men were allowed to grow a beard and their hairstyle became shorter.
Upturned nose
Typical representative: Meghan Markle.
photo: Getty Images
photo: Getty Images
Representatives of a nose with an upturned tip, like Meghan Markle, are very charming in nature. No matter how they look or what they do, these women definitely will not go unnoticed. People around them are drawn to them like a magnet, and they are happy to have a heart-to-heart talk even with a stranger. They also have a great sense of humor and love adventure and meeting new people. In love, people most often adapt to their partner and choose the latter between career and family.
The ideal of beauty among Greek women
As mentioned earlier, the ideal of attractiveness in the period of antiquity was an athletic, absolutely proportional body. For a Greek woman, a big advantage was high, rounded shoulders, height, a slightly widened pelvis, a wasp waist, slender legs and a flat, toned stomach. The combination of a high forehead, blue eyes and blond hair was considered very beautiful. The nose of Greek women was supposed to be straight with a small hump. The statue of Aphrodite de Milo fits this description. She personified the highest natural perfection and was the ideal of beauty. The sculpture depicts a slender girl with graceful posture. Her height is 164 cm, and her hips, waist and chest measurements are 86, 69 and 93 cm, respectively.
Greek profile
Greek profile is a special interpretation of the profile of a person’s face, which is part of the canon of sculpture of Ancient Greece of the Hellenistic and classical eras. It is also one of the most important characteristics of the period's attractiveness.
A distinctive feature is the line of the nose, which goes straight into the forehead with almost no emphasis on the bridge of the nose. If a helmet is worn on the head, then this line merges with it too. A relatively heavy chin is also noted.
It is extremely difficult to meet people with a similar appearance in real life, even among modern Greeks. General type: high compact nose, developed cheekbones, rectangular eye sockets, narrow subnasal area, rectangular face. Using the expression "Greek profile" in speech to describe someone's beauty is not true, because in fact, people usually just want to express admiration for the clean lines of the profile of the person they are describing. Worth o is not synonymous with “long nose”; thinking this way is a common mistake.
Analyzing the Greek profile, Hegel comes to the conclusion that in it the “animal” features that are inherent in the head are smoothed out as much as possible: cheekbones, chewing muscles, mouth, reminiscent of human physiology, and, conversely, emphasis is placed on features that indicate mental activity - First of all, it is a beautiful forehead. In such a face, the proportions of which are in complete harmony, the usually not very high forehead receives an expression of stubborn concentration of mind and firmness, testifying to the high merits of a person.
As for the female face, according to the main canons that define the idea of beauty, it was considered beautiful if a Greek woman had a straight nose, and her eyes were wide open and large, the distance between them should not be less than the size of one eye. Large eyes were skillfully emphasized by rounded arched eyebrows. All this should have been framed by the straight lines of the chin, nose and low forehead. The hair was not cut, but was styled in a neat hairstyle tied with a silk ribbon at the back of the head.
Characteristics of people with a Greek nose
Few Hollywood celebrities have not resorted to plastic surgery of the olfactory organ. They are often pushed to this by the specifics of their profession. The changes can be seen if you study photographs at the very beginning of your career and after a few years, the difference will be obvious.
The Greek profile is a classic version, which is characterized by straight shapes. This nose does not need any correction. The sculptures left over from the ancient Greeks are ideal and beautiful, they have ideal forms, and the Greek profile is one of the components of these works of art. This appearance was characteristic of gods and demigods, which was considered the standard of perfection.
The Greek profile of a girl has characteristic features, which include the continuation of the forehead line. However, in the area of the bridge of the nose there may be a small depression that does not violate the general line. The Greek nose in women and men differs only in size. The more refined one is considered the most attractive in a woman.
It is noteworthy that the Greek form may indicate the following character traits of its owner:
- independence and pride;
- leadership and adherence to principles;
- aversion to liars and affection for comrades;
- love of wealth and generosity;
- the desire to control all financial issues and some sarcasticness.
People with a Greek nose have a very restrained behavior; they never panic, use logical thinking and have excellent control over their emotional state.
Greek diet
Greek women paid great attention to their appearance. They are known to have a special passion for food, so it is not surprising that they had curvaceous figures. However, in order for the shapes to be seductive, similar in shape to an hourglass, Greek women try to monitor their diet. This is why Greek women in the photo look so harmonious. Among the national Greek dishes you can notice many recipes from meat, fish and vegetables. No wonder Greek women are beautiful. All over the world, nutritionists have repeatedly drawn attention to the fact that Greek cuisine is an example of separate nutrition: here eggplants are baked with potatoes, cheeses are eaten with tomatoes, and meat and fish are eaten separately from each other and without a side dish.
Classic nose
Typical representative: Monica Bellucci.
photo: Getty Images
photo: Getty Images
A perfectly straight nose of medium length and width is a classic shape, the most beautiful from an aesthetic point of view. It’s not for nothing that those with a nose like Monica Bellucci give the impression of confident women who know what they need from life. They are also distinguished by their hard work, calmness and restraint. They are difficult to unbalance or confuse. These people have a clear mind, most often they take great care of themselves, and love art and fashion.
Greek character
Women of Greece (and not only them, by the way, men too) are bright individualists who have their own view of this life and are not afraid to contrast it with the opinion of society. They have a habit of defending only personal interests and, most often, they are neutral towards cultural, economic and political events that do not affect their personal world.
What no Greek will certainly tolerate is an attack on the freedoms of his country and his personal freedom. This is not surprising, since the worship of democracy is in the blood of modern Hellas. If there is the slightest hint of infringement of its rights, the Greek population can turn into a formidable force that is ready to rush at the enemy.
Another typically Greek trait is pronounced emotionality. To express their feelings, Greeks do not see the need for half measures. If they cry, it’s sobbing, and if they laugh, it’s with all their hearts. Even the famous steadfastness and thoughtfulness of Greek fishermen is only a confirmation of this feature of their character, since only very emotional people can immerse themselves in their inner world with the same passion with which they would indulge in fun and joy at their own daughter’s wedding.
It is also necessary to pay attention to the famous Greek hospitality, elevated by the Greeks themselves to the rank of a national tradition revered with special awe. Arriving in Greece, you will encounter this at almost every turn. The waiters will be very happy to explain to you what dishes the chef was especially able to prepare today, the store clerks will take your order with a polite and kind smile, and the hotel staff will surround you with attention and real home care. If you have business partners or friends in Greece, and you need to come to visit them, get ready for a meeting in comparison with which even the much-praised Russian hospitality will pale. This will not be just an ordinary dinner, but a real feast, where the tables will be laden with delicious dishes, the wine will flow like a river, and there will be no end to the songs and dances.
It’s very funny that two more completely opposite traits are also harmoniously combined in the Greek character: the famous business acumen of the Greeks and the no less famous Greek piety.
Small nose
Typical representative: Reese Witherspoon.
photo: Getty Images
photo: Getty Images
If the length of your nose is less than the height of your forehead and the distance from its tip to your chin, like Reese Witherspoon, then you are an open and optimistic person. In addition, representatives of such a person are very sociable and can find a common language with any person. Regardless of status and recognition, they always remain simple and sincere. Also, most often these people are very amorous, but at the same time they can be shy in expressing their feelings. They often choose professions where they need to help people or animals; they love children very much.
Greek clothing
The ancient Greeks not only achieved great success in various spheres of culture, but also succeeded in the art of dressing well: they were the first to come to the idea that people in their splendor are like gods, and the human body is a mirror reflecting the ideals of the universe.
The main elements of the national costume in Ancient Greece were: the himation, which was a cape that was draped to emphasize the figure, and the chiton, which was underwear. Based on the moral requirements of that era, clothing for Greek women was longer than men's and covered almost the entire body. It also consisted of a himation and a chiton, but was much more colorful and brighter. However, wearing colorful clothes was not welcomed by the Greeks. To make a single-color outfit more interesting, it was decorated with elaborate patterns and embroidery.
Today, clothing for women in the Greek style is not only part of the country’s history, but also an inspiration for designers and fashion designers from all over the world to create creations of modern fashion art that attract fashionistas with their elegance and lightness.
Fleshy nose
Typical representative: Selena Gomez.
photo: Getty Images
photo: Getty Images
Those with a fleshy or wide nose, like Selena Gomez, have a perky character. They are ready to make others laugh, and they themselves love to laugh. At the same time, these people are very smart and sensitive, often interested in psychology, philosophy and exact sciences. Women mainly choose creative professions, where they can reveal their talents and receive praise. But most of all, family is important to them in life: they make excellent wives and mothers.
